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For my HB's suit, I knew I didn't want to try to put real pockets on the coat, but since he always needs to have at least one real pocket, and the vest was a heavier, more stable fabric, I made both vest pockets real and functional.
I really wasn't sure how an 18th century pocket was constructed, and the references I had were a little lacking in the details, so I used methods I'm familiar with from modern sewing to make something functional that I thought looked accurate enough, too.
Here's the complete description of how I made the pocket, under the cut. (It is a bit image-heavy.)
I started by making the pocket flaps. I cut the shape from two layers of linen, sewed right sides together, leaving an opening, then turned and pressed.
I used an unbleached linen scrap for the pocket itself, about 8" x 16". Each pocket was stabilized with a scrap of horsehair canvas about 9" x 3".
I layered the fabrics as follows: on the bottom, vest front, with right side facing up; pocket; horsehair on top. I marked the pocket placement with pins.
(It's already sewed in this photo. Just ignore that.)

I drew the pocket opening box onto the horsehair with pencil, making it 1/2" wide and 1/4" shorter than flap on each end.

I stitched around the box by machine, using a very short stitch length for the inch around the corners. I cut down the center of the box, through all the layers, cutting triangles into each corner, as close to the stitching as I dared. (I wish I had gotten a photo of that part.)
I turned the pocket to the inside and pressed the box flat.
Opening from right side:

I folded the pocket over and pressed it.

Then folded back the vest front to expose the triangle I cut into the corners earlier.

I stitched that triangle to the horsehair and pocket with several passes of machine stitching.

I trimmed the pocket to be 1" shorter than the vest front. I pinked the horsehair canvas (could've done this earlier, but I forgot). Then continued stitching all around the pocket.

With the opening and pocket finished, I pinned the flap in place on the right side and used the smallest, least obtrusive hand stitches I could manage to sew it in place.

Here it is opened.

After that, I sewed and lined the vest as I usually would. The pocket is between the vest front and the lining.
I decided not to put buttons and buttonholes on these, but if I had, I would have sewed the buttonholes on the flaps before attaching. I also could have made the opening even more invisible by sewing a scrap of the garment fabric to the pocket fabric first. But I didn't want to add too much bulk.
Yay! A pocket!